POPULATION:3.0 million
AREA:1,566,000 sq km (610,740 sq mi)
LAND BOUNDARIES:8,158 km, with Russia 3,485 km and with China 4,673 km
AVERAGE ALTITUDE:1,580 m above sea-level
TERRAIN:Vast semi-desert and desert plains, mountains in west and southwest,
Gobi Desert in southeast
PEOPLE:Khalkha Mongols (86%), Kazaks (6%), about a dozen other Mongolian 
ethnic groups
LANGUAGES:Mongolian, Kazakh, Russian, Chinese. English is widely spoken in the 
Ulaanbaatar.
RELIGIONS:Tibetan Buddhism, Muslim, Christian and Shamanism
LITERACY RATE:82.9%
CLIMATE:Average summer temperature +20’C, average winter temperature -26’C, average rainfall 200-220 mm. Winter lasts from November to late April, Spring from May through June, Summer from July through September.
POLITICAL SYSTEM:Parliamentary republic. President elected for four years. Present President Battulga Khaltmaa, elected in 2017. Prime Minister appointed by State Great Khural for four years. Present Prime Minister Mr. Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrain was appointed in 2021.
LEGISLATURE:State Great Khural (Parliament), unicameral with 76 members elected for four years. The last election was held in 2016.
JUDICIAL SYSTEM:Mongolian judicial system consists of Constitutional Court , Supreme Court, Aimag and capital city courts, soum and district courts.
STATE STRUCTURE:Mongolia is a unitary state and divided administratively into Aimags (21) and a capital city; Aimags are subdivided into soums; soums into bags; and a capital city into districts; districts into khoroos.
NATIONAL CURRENCY:Tugrik (MNT), about MNT 2850 = USD 1 (by JAN 2021)
FISCAL YEAR:January 1 – December 31
MAIN ENTRY POINTS:Chinggis Khaan (airport in Ulaanbaatar ), Sukhbaatar (railway station on Mongolian-Russian border) and Zamyn Uud (railway station on Mongolian-Chinese border)
SEA ACCESS:Tianjin/China (1,344 km) and Nakhodka/Russia (4,037 km)
PUBLIC HOLIDAYS:December 31- January 1 – New Year 3 days, 
in January/February – Mongolian New Year (Tsagaan Sar), 
June 1 – Mother and Child day, 
July 11-13 – National Holiday (Naadam festival)
TIME:Add 8 hours to Greenwich Mean Time
NORMAL WORKING HOURS:09.00-13.00 and 14.00-18.00
ELECTRIC CURRENT:220 volts/50 HZ
WEIGHT AND MEASURES:Metric System
VISA ARRANGEMENTS:Visa shall be issued by MongoliaEmbassies and Diplomatic Missions as well as Honorary consuls of Mongolia , or can be obtained at the airport at a cost of US$53 but must be accompanied by an invitation. learn more